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Executive editors: David Ham, Juan Antonio Añel, Astrid Kerkweg, Min-Hui Lo, Richard Neale, Rolf Sander & Paul Ullrich

eISSN: GMD 1991-9603, GMDD 1991-962X

Geoscientific Model Development (GMD) is a not-for-profit international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and public discussion of the description, development, and evaluation of numerical models of the Earth system and its components. The following manuscript types can be considered for peer-reviewed publication:

geoscientific model descriptions, from statistical models to box models to GCMs;
development and technical papers, describing developments such as new parameterizations or technical aspects of running models such as the reproducibility of results;
new methods for assessment of models, including work on developing new metrics for assessing model performance and novel ways of comparing model results with observational data;
papers describing new standard experiments for assessing model performance or novel ways of comparing model results with observational data;
model experiment descriptions, including experimental details and project protocols;
full evaluations of previously published models.

More details can be found in manuscript types and the journal editorial (compiled by the executive editors).

"I believe that the time is ripe for significantly better documentation of programs, and that we can best achieve this by considering programs to be works of literature." (Donald E. Knuth, Literate Programming, 1984)

"Essentially, all models are wrong, but some are useful." (George E. P. Box, Robustness in the strategy of scientific model building, 1979)

Journal metrics

GMD is indexed in the Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, etc. We refrain from displaying the journal metrics prominently on the landing page since citation metrics used in isolation do not describe importance, impact, or quality of a journal. However, these metrics can be found on the journal metrics page.

Highlight articles

14 Apr 2026

The Destination Earth digital twin for climate change adaptation

Francisco J. Doblas-Reyes, Jenni Kontkanen, Irina Sandu, Mario Acosta, Mohammed Hussam Al Turjmam, Ivan Alsina-Ferrer, Miguel Andrés-Martínez, Costanza Anerdi, Leo Arriola, Marvin Axness, Marc Batlle Martín, Peter Bauer, Tobias Becker, Daniel Beltrán, Sebastian Beyer, Hendryk Bockelmann, Pierre-Antoine Bretonnière, Sebastien Cabaniols, Silvia Caprioli, Miguel Castrillo, Aparna Chandrasekar, Suvarchal Cheedela, Victor Correal, Emanuele Danovaro, Paolo Davini, Jussi Enkovaara, Claudia Frauen, Barbara Früh, Aina Gaya Àvila, Paolo Ghinassi, Rohit Ghosh, Supriyo Ghosh, Iker González, Katherine Grayson, Matthew Griffith, Ioan Hadade, Christopher Haine, Carl Hartick, Utz-Uwe Haus, Shane Hearne, Heikki Järvinen, Bernat Jiménez, Amal John, Marlin Juchem, Thomas Jung, Jessica Kegel, Matthias Kelbling, Kai Keller, Bruno Kinoshita, Theresa Kiszler, Daniel Klocke, Lukas Kluft, Nikolay Koldunov, Tobias Kölling, Joonas Kolstela, Luis Kornblueh, Sergey Kosukhin, Aleksander Lacima-Nadolnik, Jeisson Javier Leal Rojas, Jonni Lehtiranta, Tuomas Lunttila, Anna Luoma, Pekka Manninen, Alexey Medvedev, Sebastian Milinski, Ali Mohammed, Sebastian Müller, Devaraju Naryanappa, Natalia Nazarova, Sami Niemelä, Bimochan Niraula, Henrik Nortamo, Aleksi Nummelin, Matteo Nurisso, Pablo Ortega, Stella Paronuzzi, Xabier Pedruzo-Bagazgoitia, Charles Pelletier, Carlos Peña, Suraj Polade, Himansu Kesari Pradhan, Rommel Quintanilla, Tiago Quintino, Thomas Rackow, Jouni Räisänen, Maqsood Mubarak Rajput, René Redler, Balthasar Reuter, Nuno Rocha Monteiro, Francesc Roura-Adserias, Silva Ruppert, Susan Sayed, Reiner Schnur, Tanvi Sharma, Dmitry Sidorenko, Outi Sievi-Korte, Albert Soret, Christian Steger, Bjorn Stevens, Jan Streffing, Jaleena Sunny, Luiggi Tenorio, Stephan Thober, Ulf Tigerstedt, Oriol Tinto, Juha Tonttila, Heikki Tuomenvirta, Lauri Tuppi, Ginka Van Thielen, Emanuele Vitali, Jost von Hardenberg, Ingo Wagner, Nils Wedi, Jan Wehner, Sven Willner, Xavier Yepes-Arbós, Florian Ziemen, and Janos Zimmermann

Geosci. Model Dev., 19, 2821–2848, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-2821-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-2821-2026, 2026

Short summary Editorial statement

07 Apr 2026

The Scenario Model Intercomparison Project for CMIP7 (ScenarioMIP-CMIP7)

Detlef P. Van Vuuren, Brian C. O'Neill, Claudia Tebaldi, Benjamin M. Sanderson, Louise P. Chini, Pierre Friedlingstein, Tomoko Hasegawa, Keywan Riahi, Bala Govindasamy, Nico Bauer, Veronika Eyring, Cheikh M. N. Fall, Katja Frieler, Matthew J. Gidden, Laila K. Gohar, Annika Högner, Andrew D. Jones, Jarmo Kikstra, Andrew King, Reto Knutti, Elmar Kriegler, Peter Lawrence, Chris Lennard, Jason Lowe, Camilla Mathison, Shahbaz Mehmood, Zebedee Nicholls, Luciana F. Prado, Qiang Zhang, Steven K. Rose, Alex C. Ruane, Marit Sandstad, Carl-Friedrich Schleussner, Roland Seferian, Jana Sillmann, Chris Smith, Anna A. Sörensson, Swapna Panickal, Kaoru Tachiiri, Naomi Vaughan, Saritha S. Vishwanathan, Tokuta Yokohata, Marco Zecchetto, and Tilo Ziehn

Geosci. Model Dev., 19, 2627–2656, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-2627-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-2627-2026, 2026

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12 Feb 2026

NorESM2–DIAM: a coupled model for investigating global and regional climate-economy interactions

Jenny Bjordal, Anthony A. Smith Jr., Henri Cornec, and Trude Storelvmo

Geosci. Model Dev., 19, 1337–1365, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-1337-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-1337-2026, 2026

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23 Jan 2026

Operational numerical weather prediction with ICON on GPUs (version 2024.10)

Xavier Lapillonne, Daniel Hupp, Fabian Gessler, André Walser, Andreas Pauling, Annika Lauber, Benjamin Cumming, Carlos Osuna, Christoph Müller, Claire Merker, Daniel Leuenberger, David Leutwyler, Dmitry Alexeev, Gabriel Vollenweider, Guillaume Van Parys, Jonas Jucker, Lukas Jansing, Marco Arpagaus, Marco Induni, Marek Jacob, Matthias Kraushaar, Michael Jähn, Mikael Stellio, Oliver Fuhrer, Petra Baumann, Philippe Steiner, Pirmin Kaufmann, Remo Dietlicher, Ralf Müller, Sergey Kosukhin, Thomas C. Schulthess, Ulrich Schättler, Victoria Cherkas, and William Sawyer

Geosci. Model Dev., 19, 755–772, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-755-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-755-2026, 2026

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15 Jan 2026

The ISIMIP groundwater sector: a framework for ensemble modeling of global change impacts on groundwater

Robert Reinecke, Tanjila Akhter, Annemarie Bäthge, Ricarda Dietrich, Sebastian Gnann, Simon N. Gosling, Danielle Grogan, Andreas Hartmann, Stefan Kollet, Rohini Kumar, Richard Lammers, Sida Liu, Yan Liu, Nils Moosdorf, Bibi Naz, Sara Nazari, Chibuike Orazulike, Yadu Pokhrel, Jacob Schewe, Mikhail Smilovic, Maryna Strokal, Wim Thiery, Yoshihide Wada, Shan Zuidema, and Inge de Graaf

Geosci. Model Dev., 19, 523–542, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-523-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-523-2026, 2026

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More highlight articles All EGU highlight articles

Recent papers

14 Apr 2026

UKCM2-LL: a new low-resolution GC5 configuration with constrained climate sensitivity – methodology and development

John W. Rostron, Alejandro Bodas-Salcedo, David M. H. Sexton, Colin G. Jones, Edward W. Blockley, Till Kuhlbrodt, Jane P. Mulcahy, Tamzin E. Palmer, Saloua Peatier, Mark A. Ringer, Steven T. Rumbold, Benjamin M. Sanderson, Yongming Tang, and Martin R. Willet

EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1676,https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1676, 2026

Preprint under review for GMD (discussion: open, 0 comments)

Short summary

14 Apr 2026

CMIP7 Data Request: co-created guidance for the production of CMIP7 data [v1.2.2.3]

Chloe Mackallah, Martin Juckes, James Anstey, Beth Dingley, Charlotte Pascoe, Gaëlle Rigoudy, Marie-Pierre Moine, Tomas Lovato, Alison Pamment, Martin Schupfner, Michio Kawamiya, Tommi Bergman, Charles Koven, Eleanor O'Rourke, Briony Turner, Daniel Ellis, and Matthew Mizielinski

EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1641,https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1641, 2026

Preprint under review for GMD (discussion: open, 0 comments)

Short summary

14 Apr 2026

| Highlight paper

The Destination Earth digital twin for climate change adaptation

Francisco J. Doblas-Reyes, Jenni Kontkanen, Irina Sandu, Mario Acosta, Mohammed Hussam Al Turjmam, Ivan Alsina-Ferrer, Miguel Andrés-Martínez, Costanza Anerdi, Leo Arriola, Marvin Axness, Marc Batlle Martín, Peter Bauer, Tobias Becker, Daniel Beltrán, Sebastian Beyer, Hendryk Bockelmann, Pierre-Antoine Bretonnière, Sebastien Cabaniols, Silvia Caprioli, Miguel Castrillo, Aparna Chandrasekar, Suvarchal Cheedela, Victor Correal, Emanuele Danovaro, Paolo Davini, Jussi Enkovaara, Claudia Frauen, Barbara Früh, Aina Gaya Àvila, Paolo Ghinassi, Rohit Ghosh, Supriyo Ghosh, Iker González, Katherine Grayson, Matthew Griffith, Ioan Hadade, Christopher Haine, Carl Hartick, Utz-Uwe Haus, Shane Hearne, Heikki Järvinen, Bernat Jiménez, Amal John, Marlin Juchem, Thomas Jung, Jessica Kegel, Matthias Kelbling, Kai Keller, Bruno Kinoshita, Theresa Kiszler, Daniel Klocke, Lukas Kluft, Nikolay Koldunov, Tobias Kölling, Joonas Kolstela, Luis Kornblueh, Sergey Kosukhin, Aleksander Lacima-Nadolnik, Jeisson Javier Leal Rojas, Jonni Lehtiranta, Tuomas Lunttila, Anna Luoma, Pekka Manninen, Alexey Medvedev, Sebastian Milinski, Ali Mohammed, Sebastian Müller, Devaraju Naryanappa, Natalia Nazarova, Sami Niemelä, Bimochan Niraula, Henrik Nortamo, Aleksi Nummelin, Matteo Nurisso, Pablo Ortega, Stella Paronuzzi, Xabier Pedruzo-Bagazgoitia, Charles Pelletier, Carlos Peña, Suraj Polade, Himansu Kesari Pradhan, Rommel Quintanilla, Tiago Quintino, Thomas Rackow, Jouni Räisänen, Maqsood Mubarak Rajput, René Redler, Balthasar Reuter, Nuno Rocha Monteiro, Francesc Roura-Adserias, Silva Ruppert, Susan Sayed, Reiner Schnur, Tanvi Sharma, Dmitry Sidorenko, Outi Sievi-Korte, Albert Soret, Christian Steger, Bjorn Stevens, Jan Streffing, Jaleena Sunny, Luiggi Tenorio, Stephan Thober, Ulf Tigerstedt, Oriol Tinto, Juha Tonttila, Heikki Tuomenvirta, Lauri Tuppi, Ginka Van Thielen, Emanuele Vitali, Jost von Hardenberg, Ingo Wagner, Nils Wedi, Jan Wehner, Sven Willner, Xavier Yepes-Arbós, Florian Ziemen, and Janos Zimmermann

Geosci. Model Dev., 19, 2821–2848, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-2821-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-2821-2026, 2026

Short summary Editorial statement

13 Apr 2026

“Norkyst” version 3: the coastal ocean forecasting system for Norway

Kai Håkon Christensen, Jon Albretsen, Lars Asplin, Håvard Guldbrandsen Frøysa, Yvonne Gusdal, Silje Christine Iversen, Mari Fjalstad Jensen, Ingrid Askeland Johnsen, Nils Melsom Kristensen, Pål Næverlid Sævik, Anne Dagrun Sandvik, Magne Simonsen, Jofrid Skarðhamar, Ann Kristin Sperrevik, and Marta Trodahl

Geosci. Model Dev., 19, 2785–2798, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-2785-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-2785-2026, 2026

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13 Apr 2026

ShyBFM v1.0: unstructured grid advection-diffusion-reaction modelling for coastal biogeochemical processes

Jacopo Alessandri, Giulia Bonino, Tomas Lovato, Momme Butenschön, Lorenzo Mentaschi, Giorgia Verri, Ivan Federico, and Nadia Pinardi

EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1119,https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1119, 2026

Preprint under review for GMD (discussion: open, 0 comments)

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News

13 Feb 2026 University of Western Ontario partners with Copernicus Publications to support open-access publishing

Copernicus Publications has signed a new agreement with Western Libraries at the University of Western Ontario, providing a 50% APC reduction for eligible corresponding authors submitting from 1 January 2026. Please read more.

13 Feb 2026 University of Western Ontario partners with Copernicus Publications to support open-access publishing

Copernicus Publications has signed a new agreement with Western Libraries at the University of Western Ontario, providing a 50% APC reduction for eligible corresponding authors submitting from 1 January 2026. Please read more.

03 Dec 2025 New MS Word template available for manuscript preparation

The existing MS Word template for authors has been significantly expanded and now includes many important notes on the standard sections that must be included in the manuscript. Please visit the "Submission" page, section "Templates for your manuscript file" and download the new template before writing your next manuscript.

03 Dec 2025 New MS Word template available for manuscript preparation

The existing MS Word template for authors has been significantly expanded and now includes many important notes on the standard sections that must be included in the manuscript. Please visit the "Submission" page, section "Templates for your manuscript file" and download the new template before writing your next manuscript.

13 Mar 2025 New agreement between California Digital Library and Copernicus Publications

We are delighted to announce a new agreement between the California Digital Library and Copernicus Publications. The University of California will cover 50% of article processing charges (APCs) for manuscripts affiliated with any of their research units. Read more.

13 Mar 2025 New agreement between California Digital Library and Copernicus Publications

We are delighted to announce a new agreement between the California Digital Library and Copernicus Publications. The University of California will cover 50% of article processing charges (APCs) for manuscripts affiliated with any of their research units. Read more.

News archive

Notice on APC invoices

In accordance with current European restrictions, Copernicus Publications does not step into business relations with and issue APC invoices (articles processing charges) to Russian and Belarusian institutions. The peer-review process and scientific exchange of our journals including preprint posting is not affected. However, these restrictions require that the first contact (contractual partner of Copernicus) has an affiliation and invoice address outside Russia or Belarus.